Prof. Giorgi Pkhakadze, MD, MPH, PhD
Why Marine Microalgae? The Original Source of Omega-3 and Astaxanthin
Fish don't make EPA, DHA or astaxanthin — algae do. Why supplement science is returning to the original producers: cultivation…
Why Liquid Oil Drops? The Science of the Delivery Format
Capsule, tablet, or drops — the delivery format changes what your body actually receives from a fat-soluble nutrient. The absorption…
Vitamin D3 vs D2: The Full Evidence Behind the Form Choice
The definitive systematic review pooled every head-to-head trial and settled the question: D3 raises and sustains vitamin D status more…
What GMP Actually Means in Supplement Manufacturing — and What ISO 22000 Adds
GMP, HACCP, ISO 22000:2018 — the certification alphabet on supplement packaging decoded: what each layer requires, what auditors actually check,…
How to Read a Supplement Certificate of Analysis, Column by Column
A certificate of analysis is the only document that speaks for the actual batch in your hand. What each column…
Astaxanthin, the Membrane-Spanning Antioxidant: Why Molecular Shape Is the Whole Story
One carotenoid can stretch across an entire cell membrane and work on both surfaces at once — most cannot. The…
The EU Nutrient Reference Value (NRV): What 1,000% on a Label Really Means
NRV percentages confuse more consumers than any other label element: 1,000% sounds alarming until you learn what the reference actually…
Vitamin D: Who Is Actually Deficient — and How Do You Know?
Vitamin D status is one of the few nutrition questions with a definitive blood answer. What 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels mean,…