Melatonin, long recognized for regulating sleep-wake cycles, is gaining attention for a secondary role in preserving muscle health during ageing. Recent mechanistic research demonstrates that melatonin accumulates in skeletal muscle mitochondria, where it functions as a potent antioxidant capable of protecting against age-related muscle loss, or sarcopenia. Animal studies reveal that the hormone activates critical signalling pathways responsible for mitochondrial renewal and muscle fibre preservation. However, experts emphasize that while these findings are promising, human clinical trials remain limited. Until robust evidence from human studies emerges, supplementation protocols for muscle health cannot yet be recommended as standard clinical practice. The research opens a compelling avenue for future investigation into preventive strategies for age-related muscle decline.
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