Explainers
Plain-language deep dives for public audiences
Can laughter improve health? Researchers launch study to find out
A new research initiative called the Laughter Lab is systematically investigating whether laughter can improve health and wellbeing. The study…
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Supreme Court’s Roundup ruling exposes a fundamental divide between legal and scientific causation standards
The US Supreme Court's recent glyphosate ruling exposes a fundamental gap: courts and scientists both use the word "causation," but…
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How Lutein and Zeaxanthin Protect Your Retina from Blue Light Damage
Lutein and zeaxanthin, dietary carotenoid pigments, concentrate in the retina's macula where they filter high-energy…
Functional Mushrooms: What the Evidence Actually Shows
Turkey Tail mushroom extract has rigorous clinical evidence and regulatory approval in Japan, yet most…
How the immune system learns and remembers: innate defenses meet adaptive immunity
The immune system operates as two integrated networks: innate immunity provides immediate broad-spectrum defense within…
Why creatine works in muscle but not the brain—yet
Creatine supplementation raises muscle creatine by 20–50% in days, but brain creatine increases by only…
How Your Brain Cleans Itself: The Glymphatic System Explained
Your brain operates a continuous waste-removal system called the glymphatic system, which uses cerebrospinal fluid…