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GMJ News > GMJ Briefs > Three Critical Facts About Brain Neurotransmitters Every Patient Should Know

Three Critical Facts About Brain Neurotransmitters Every Patient Should Know

GMJ
Last updated: 24/05/2026 15:48
By
Prof. Giorgi Pkhakadze
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1 Min Read
Brain neurotransmitter diagram showing chemical signaling pathways
Your mood, energy, and focus depend on 12 major neurotransmitter systems that facilitate chemical communication between brain cells. Understanding these molecular messengers reveals how brain chemistry influences daily experience and mental health. — Photo: Vie Studio / Pexels
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1 min read|121 words

Healthcare professionals emphasize three essential facts about neurotransmitters that directly impact patient care and treatment outcomes. First, twelve distinct systems coordinate mood, cognition, and behavior through complex chemical interactions that influence daily mental performance.

Second, the balance between glutamate and GABA proves crucial for optimal brain function, with glutamate driving excitatory learning processes while GABA provides inhibitory control for calmness and neural regulation. This dynamic relationship determines cognitive clarity and emotional stability.

Most significantly, functional symptoms typically appear before structural brain changes become detectable through imaging. This means patients may experience mood, sleep, or focus issues long before traditional diagnostic methods reveal underlying problems, highlighting the importance of early intervention and neurotransmitter-focused treatment approaches. Read the full article on GMJ Newsroom.

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ByProf. Giorgi Pkhakadze
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Prof. Giorgi Pkhakadze, MD, MPH, PhD, is Editor-in-Chief of the Georgian Medical Journal and Chair of the Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG). He is Professor and Head of the Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences at David Tvildiani Medical University, and Secretary/Treasurer of the UEMS Section of Public Health. ORCID: 0000-0001-7609-4515.

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