Women have 20–30% lower creatine levels than men, yet emerging evidence shows creatine supports brain energy, menstrual-cycle resilience, bone health, and postpartum recovery far beyond muscle performance. A review of sex-specific creatine physiology and clinical evidence. — Photo by Andrea Piacquadio on Pexels (Pexels License)
MD, MPH, PhD. Editor-in-Chief, Georgian Medical Journal (GMJ). Professor and Head, School of Public Health, David Tvildiani Medical University (DTMU), Tbilisi, Georgia. Chair, Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG). President, Accréditation Sans Frontières (ASF), Paris. Secretary/Treasurer, UEMS Section of Public Health. WHO Consultant, Health and Migration, Geneva. Former Member, UN Secretary-General's Independent Accountability Panel for Every Woman, Every Child, Every Adolescent (IAP-EWEC, 2016–2021). ORCID: 0000-0001-7609-4515.
