Prof. Giorgi Pkhakadze
Coffee’s Microbiome Effect Goes Beyond Caffeine: New Study Maps Shifts in Gut Bacteria
A controlled microbiome study of 62 adults reveals that coffee's polyphenolic compounds—not caffeine—drive shifts in gut bacteria linked to barrier…
Polyphenol Content Varies Tenfold Across Berries and Foods — What the Science Shows
Polyphenol content in berries varies more than fivefold, with chokeberry and cocoa powder delivering over 1,500 mg per 100g fresh…
Vitamin C and Iron Supplements: The Evidence Falls Short of the Hype
Vitamin C enhances plant-based iron absorption through a well-documented biochemical mechanism, but clinical trials show it provides negligible benefit when…
The Melatonin Myth: Why Taking a Pill Misses the Biochemical Picture
Most people treat melatonin as a simple sleep replacement, but your body synthesises it through a four-step biochemical pathway dependent…
Melatonin’s antioxidant role in muscle health: what the evidence shows
Melatonin, known for antioxidant effects in the brain and gut, may also protect skeletal muscle through mitochondrial signalling pathways. Animal…
How Creatine Supplements Reshape Your Body’s Methylation Cycle
Your body produces 2 grams of creatine daily, consuming 40% of your total methyl group supply. When you supplement creatine,…
Why vitamin D prescriptions favour weekly boluses over daily doses — and what the evidence says
Vitamin D prescriptions typically specify 50,000 IU weekly, a pattern driven by patient adherence rather than pharmacological advantage. A randomised…
Mitochondria as metabolic decision-makers: how cellular power plants regulate inflammation, aging, and disease
Mitochondria function as metabolic control centers that regulate inflammation, aging, and disease susceptibility across multiple organ systems through energy signaling…