Explainers
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Can laughter improve health? Researchers launch study to find out
A new research initiative called the Laughter Lab is systematically investigating whether laughter can improve health and wellbeing. The study…
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Supreme Court’s Roundup ruling exposes a fundamental divide between legal and scientific causation standards
The US Supreme Court's recent glyphosate ruling exposes a fundamental gap: courts and scientists both use the word "causation," but…
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Mitochondria as cellular decision-makers: reframing disease, aging, and inflammation
Mitochondria regulate far more than energy production—they control inflammation, ageing, and disease progression through metabolic…
Heart’s First Beat Emerges From Collective Cellular Synchronization, Not Single Pacemaker
A new Nature study reveals that the heart's first beat emerges from collective synchronization of…
How testosterone is really made: the brain–gonad feedback loop explained
Testosterone production is regulated by a precise feedback loop between the brain and testes, not…
L-Theanine: How an amino acid shifts brain waves toward calm focus without drowsiness
L-theanine, a naturally occurring amino acid in green tea, shifts brain electrical activity toward patterns…
How Muscle Contractions Signal the Brain: The Myokine Pathway Explained
Skeletal muscle releases signalling molecules called myokines that travel through the bloodstream to regulate learning,…